The following is a detailed introduction to its basic concepts:

1.Classification
Loaders can be classified according to different classification standards, mainly including the following:

2.Classification by driving mode:

（1）Wheel loader: It adopts a tire walking mechanism and has good mobility and flexibility.

（2）Crawler loader: It adopts a crawler traveling mechanism and is suitable for operations in complex terrain and harsh environments.

3.Classification by purpose:

（1）General loader: suitable for a variety of operating environments and comprehensive functions.
  （2） Specialized loaders, such as mining loaders and agricultural loaders, are designed specifically for specific operating environments, offering enhanced relevance and applicability.

4.Classification by power:

（1）Small-sized loader: With a lower power output, it's ideal for confined spaces or light-duty tasks.
（2）Medium-sized loader: moderate power, suitable for medium-sized earthwork operations.
（3) Large-scale loader: With powerful power, it is suitable for large-scale earthwork or heavy-duty operations.

4. Main components
The loader is mainly composed of engine, transmission system, hydraulic system, cab and other parts:

(1)Engine: Provides power, usually a diesel engine.

(2)Transmission system: including gearbox and drive axle, responsible for transmitting the power of the engine to the wheels or tracks.

(3)Hydraulic system: It controls the lifting, tilting, and steering systems of the bucket, which is the key to achieving various actions of the loader.

(4)Cab: The operator's workspace, equipped with various control devices and instruments, used to control the loader's various actions and monitor the machine's status.

5.   Operating Principle
The loader is powered by an engine, the hydraulic system controls the lifting, tilting, and steering of the bucket, and the transmission system transmits power to the wheels or tracks, thus achieving the functions of loading, transporting, and unloading materials. The operator controls the loader's various actions through the control device in the cab.

6.Application Scenarios
Loaders are widely used in earthwork construction for various construction projects, such as construction sites, mines, ports, etc. On construction sites, loaders are used for earth excavation, material handling, and other operations; In mines, it is used for loading and transporting ores; In the port, it is used for container loading and unloading operations. In addition, the loader is also suitable for agricultural operations such as leveling farmland and material handling.
In summary, as an important construction machinery, loaders play a pivotal role in earthwork construction. By understanding its basic concepts, classification, main components, working principles, and application scenarios, we can better understand and apply this device.